日本核能災害補償制度暨核能保險之研究Development of Nuclear Damage Liability Regime andNuclear Energy Insurance

摘要
　　2011年3月因大地震所連帶引發的日本福島核能災害事故，不僅為日本及鄰近國家帶來巨大衝擊，也引發人們重新審視關於核能產業風險管理的應有作為。日本核能災害補償制度所提供之補償限度現為亞洲最高。亞洲眾多國家皆有核能電廠之運作，理解日本的制度，具有比較法上之意義。本文從分析核能保險制度之運作原則，以及政府參與之角色程度出發，探討日本與我國制度上之差異，分析其優缺點，以做為我國日後發展之參考資料。
關鍵詞：核能保險、核子責任保險契約、核能災害補償制度、核子損害賠償法、核災風險管理
Abstract
　　The Fukushima nuclear disaster triggered by the March 2011 earthquake not only profoundly impacted Japan and its neighboring countries but also led to reconsideration of risk management in the nuclear energy industry. Japan’s nuclear damage liability regime provides the broadest liability coverage in Asia. Nuclear power plants are operated in many Asian countries, and therefore it is vital to understand the Japanese system from the perspective of comparative law. By examining the operational principles of nuclear insurance and the role of government involvement, this paper explores the institutional differences between Japan and Taiwan. Both advantages and disadvantages are analyzed in the hope that these findings can be referenced for the future development of Taiwan’s nuclear insurance system.
Keywords: nuclear energy insurance, nuclear energy liability insurance policy, nuclear damage liability regime, nuclear damage compensation law, risk management of nuclear damage