我國商業責任保險供給意願之分析

　　商業責任保險之供給在許多先進國家中，已經成為一項棘手的問題。隨著賠償金額逐漸提高，保費收入無法彌補理賠支出，造成保險業者之虧損或甚至失去清償能力，於是許多保險人紛紛減少責任保險之供給。政府與企業必須尋求其他風險管理方法，以分散企業之侵權賠償責任風險。目前我國之侵權責任賠償金額亦有逐漸提高之趨勢，保險業者必須思考因應之道以及瞭解各種替代工具。

　　本文之主要目的，在於分析我國產險業者對於供給責任保險之看法與意願，以便建議未來責任保險市場之發展方向。本研究之方法主要是採用問卷調查方式，並藉由「齊一性檢定」，分析目前國內產險業者對於責任保險之看法。綜合各項調查結果之分析，可知目前國內之產險業者對於責任保險之看法相當穩健與理性。大體而言，這些結果說明產險業者對於責任保險之分散風險功能仍具有信心。因此業者對於供給責任保險應仍具有意願與信心，但是此意願與信心可能隨承保風險(理賠難度)之提高而下降，而必須藉助其他風險管理方法加以補充。

關鍵字：商業責任保險、承保風險、風險管理、保險供給意願

An Analysis of the Prospects of Commercial Liability Insurance Supply in Taiwan
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The social inflation of liability damages has dramatically discouraged the supply of liability insurance since the 1980s. For this reason, business firms can no longer completely rely on liability insurance to transfer liability risk but must search for alternatives to manage liability risk. Today Taiwanese businesses also face increasing liability risk as the legal and social environments change.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the prospects of Taiwanese property-liability insurers supplying commercial liability insurance. The analysis is conducted by testing homogeneity of questionnaires that survey the attitudes of insurers in practice. Results indicate that the insurers have confidence in the liability insurance market and are willing to supply liability insurance in the near future. However, such confidence and willingness may decrease with underwriting risk for certain types of insurance products. Thus, the public policymaker must consider risk management alternatives for liability risk.

Keywords: commercial liability insurance, underwriting risk, risk management, insurance supply