大陸農業保險現況分析與未來制度發展研究

　　大陸二十多年的農業保險實踐，取得了四大成就，遇到了六大矛盾，如農業保險的高費率與農民購買力低的矛盾，農業較低預期收入與發展農業保險政策目標的矛盾，保險利益外在性與保險長遠利益的矛盾，大範圍分散農業風險的需要與試驗範圍狹小的矛盾，長期分散農業風險的需要與農業保險實驗不連續的矛盾，農業保險的政策性與商業保險經營目標的矛盾。本文分析了開展農業保險的經濟基礎、業務技術、組織機構、社會認識以及農業保險的要素組合及其要素間的相互關係，借鑒國外農業保險的經驗，提出了可供參考的大陸農業保險制度模式。

關鍵字：農業保險、保險要素、制度創新

The Current State and Future Development of Mainland Agriculture Insurance System
Abstract　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
In the past two decades the agriculture insurance practice in China has acquired four top achievements, but encountered six serious dilemmas. Through literature reviews, this paper identifies and illustrates the six development contradictions as follows: a high agriculture insurance premium incompatible to the farmers low purchasing power; the low expected agriculture income incompatible to the target for developing agriculture insurance policy; the external insurance profit incompatible to the long term insurance profit; the demand for a large scale dispersing agriculture risk incompatible to the small-scale experimental areas; The need for a long-term dispersing agriculture risk incompatible to the disrupted agriculture insurance experiments; the policy of agriculture insurance incompatible to the operational targets of commercial insurance. This article further examines the economic base, operation technology, organization structure, social acceptance in developing agriculture insurance, as well as the integration of agricultural insurance components and the interrelationship among them. This article further proposes the most plausible agricultural insurance system for China with references to the international experiences.

Keywords: agriculture insurance; insurance components; system innovation