台灣物流業移轉風險的方法-物流責任保險Transferring Risk Method of Taiwan’s Logistics-Logistics Liability Insurance

摘要
現代物流朝向專業化分工的趨勢發展，它已經遠遠超越了傳統運輸業和倉儲業的服務範疇。在傳統貨物保險體系下，保險公司並不提供包裝、裝卸搬運、流通加工、配送等諸多物流環節的保險服務，使得專業物流保險存在真空，專業物流業者的利益並不能得到充分地保障。專業物流業的發展迫切需要保險提供支持，把經營過程中涉及的賠償責任轉嫁給保險公司。
本文透過了解物流責任保險的意義和特性、物流責任保險適用的原則，建立物流責任保險損害賠償關係。再以比較分析法，比較台灣的貨物運送人責任保險條款和大陸之物流責任保險條款的異同及適用性。經討論分析後，提出四點建議：呼籲制定物流特別法、開發物流責任全程全面的新保險產品、建立損害防阻的誘因機制、政府及各保險公司必須重視物流保險業務。
關鍵字：物流責任保險、物流業、風險
Abstract
Traditional cargo carrier’s liability insurance is unable to cover risk completely for modern logistics business in Taiwan. This study attempts to explore the logistics liability insurance issues. It attains the relationship of claim among insurer, insured, and consignor by investigating the characteristics and principles of logistics liability insurance. Furthermore, this study compares the cargo carrier’s liability insurance policy of Taiwan’s insurance company with logistics liability insurance policy of China’s insurance company. Four suggestions are advanced: (1) Taiwan’s government has to constitute the law of logistic as soon as possible. (2) Insurance companies ought to issue logistics liability insurance. (3) Insurance companies should set up incentive mechanism of preventing damage in insurance policy. (4) Taiwan’s government and insurance companies need take account of logistics liability insurance practice.
Keywords: logistic liability insurance, logistics business, risk