台灣地區海運承攬運送業經營風險管理之研究A Study on Ocean Freight Forwarders Operation Risk Management in Taiwan

摘要
由於海運承攬運送產業之進入障礙不高，我國海運承攬運送業快速發展，造成此一產業內之競爭更為劇烈。如何有效實行風險管理，以確保永續經營，著實是海運承攬運送業者所需面對的一項重要課題。本研究以台灣地區之海運承攬運送業為研究對象，依風險管理流程之風險辨識、風險分析與衡量、風險管制與執行等四個步驟進行研究。研究發現海運承攬運送業者對於風險認知的前三項分別是產業面臨現有競爭者的威脅、產業面臨航商議價能力的威脅、產業面臨託運人議價能力的威脅，最後再建議透過專責之風險管理部門落實執行，使海運承攬運送業在合理的成本下，降低不確定性之風險因素所造成不利之影響，確保經營上之安全。
關鍵字：海運承攬運送業、風險管理、風險因素
Abstract
Because ocean freight forwarders to enter the barrier not to be high, ocean freight forwarders industry fast development in Taiwan, and cause the competition in this industry more violent. How to implement risk management, really an important management subject for freight forwarder. This study aims to ocean freight forwarder industry in Taiwan, and based on the four steps in the risk management procedures which are risk identification, risk analysis and measurement, risk control and treatment. This study find that the first three items cognitive to the risk of ocean freight forwarder are competition in this industry, negotiations power of liner shipping company and negotiation power of shipper, Meanwhile this study suggest that implementing and carrying out through the risk management department ocean freight forwarder industry under the reasonable cost, can reduce the risk influence.
Keywords: ocean freight forwarder, risk management, risk factor